The North Atlantic Treaty Organization has published its baseline resilience requirements for the first time, which include “resilient civil communications systems.” This publication comes at a time when Europe is facing growing pressure from hybrid threats, disinformation campaigns and attacks below the threshold of armed conflict, requiring the continent to adapt to a more hostile environment that demands public-private cooperation to ensure that society as a whole is prepared and equipped to withstand attacks that go beyond those of conventional warfare. The post Telecommunications: From In