Conceptualizing Sustainable Media: An Integrated Model for Environmental Journalism in Iran

The climate crisis and environmental degradation have intensified ecological, social, and economic challenges in Iran, increasing the need for environmental communication that supports public engagement, policy development, and long-term environmental governance. However, environmental reporting remains largely episodic and constrained by political, legal, organizational, and professional limitations. This study develops an empirically grounded conceptual model of sustainable media using a grounded theory approach based on interviews with Iranian journalists, media managers, documentary filmma