What is a translation glossary? Definition, examples, and how it is enforced

A translation glossary is the list of terms a product must translate the same way every time, with the approved translation per language. What belongs in one (preferred, allowed and forbidden terms), how it differs from a style guide and from a translation memory, why machine and AI translation need it more than human translators do, how it is enforced with automated checks, how teams build one, and what it does not fix.