Post-Quantum Signatures on Ethereum Just Got 6.6× Cheaper

We wrote a fully FIPS 204-compliant ML-DSA-44 signature verifier that runs on today’s EVM, at 1.23M gas per verification. That is 6.6× cheaper than the previous state of the art, 8.09M gas. We ran this as an autonomous auto-research project: 144 agents across nine days, spending around $7,500 on inference.