Production-grade LLM inference is a complex systems challenge, requiring deep co-designs - from hardware primitives (FLOPs, memory bandwidth, and interconnects) to sophisticated software layers - across the entire stack. Given the hardware variability across GPU providers like NVIDIA and AMD - including generational differences in numeric type performance (FP8, BF16, NVFP4 etc), HBM bandwidth and capacity, peak FLOPs etc - optimal performance is never guaranteed. It depends on the software’s ability to maximize FLOPs utilization during prefill, maximize bandwidth efficiency during decode,…